| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION |
1 From the Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston (SKD, SBR, MAM, JJK, GED, and ES), and the Tufts–New England Medical Center Hospital, Boston (LKGH, SAS, and ES).
Background: Little is known about the determinants of individual variability in body weight and fat loss after gastric bypass surgery or about the effects of massive weight loss induced by this surgery on energy requirements.
Objectives: The objectives were to determine changes in energy expenditure and body composition with weight loss induced by gastric bypass surgery and to identify presurgery predictors of weight loss.
Design: Thirty extremely obese women and men with a mean (± SD) age of 39.0 ± 9.6 y and a body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) of 50.1 ± 9.3 were tested longitudinally under weight-stable conditions before surgery and after weight loss and stabilization (14 ± 2 mo). Total energy expenditure (TEE), resting energy expenditure (REE), body composition, and fasting leptin were measured.
Results: Subjects lost 53.2 ± 22.2 kg body weight and had significant decreases in REE (-2.4 ± 1.0 MJ/d; P < 0.001) and TEE (-3.6 ± 2.5 MJ/d; P < 0.001). Changes in REE were predicted by changes in fat-free mass and fat mass. The average physical activity level (TEE/REE) was 1.61 at both baseline and follow-up (P = 0.98). Weight loss was predicted by baseline fat mass and BMI but not by any energy expenditure variable or leptin. Measured REE at follow-up was not significantly different from predicted REE.
Conclusions: TEE and REE decreased by 25% on average after massive weight loss induced by gastric bypass surgery. REE changes were predicted by loss of body tissue; thus, there was no significant long-term change in energy efficiency that would independently promote weight regain.
Key Words: Obesity • weight loss • energy expenditure • fat mass • fat-free mass • body water • gastric bypass surgery • energy requirements
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. Tompkins, P. R Bosch, R. Chenowith, J. L Tiede, and J. M Swain Changes in Functional Walking Distance and Health-Related Quality of Life After Gastric Bypass Surgery Physical Therapy, August 1, 2008; 88(8): 928 - 935. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. K. Das, C. H Gilhooly, J. K Golden, A. G Pittas, P. J Fuss, R. A Cheatham, S. Tyler, M. Tsay, M. A McCrory, A. H Lichtenstein, et al. Long-term effects of 2 energy-restricted diets differing in glycemic load on dietary adherence, body composition, and metabolism in CALERIE: a 1-y randomized controlled trial Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2007; 85(4): 1023 - 1030. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. B Heymsfield, J. B Harp, M. L Reitman, J. W Beetsch, D. A Schoeller, N. Erondu, and A. Pietrobelli Why do obese patients not lose more weight when treated with low-calorie diets? A mechanistic perspective Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2007; 85(2): 346 - 354. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. A. Shikora, J. J. Kim, and M. E. Tarnoff Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Complications of Bariatric Surgery Nutr Clin Pract, February 1, 2007; 22(1): 29 - 40. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Shah, V. Simha, and A. Garg Long-Term Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Body Weight, Comorbidities, and Nutritional Status J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2006; 91(11): 4223 - 4231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Ireton-Jones Adjusted Body Weight, Con: Why Adjust Body Weight in Energy-Expenditure Calculations? Nutr Clin Pract, August 1, 2005; 20(4): 474 - 479. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. S. MacLean, J. A. Higgins, G. C. Johnson, B. K. Fleming-Elder, W. T. Donahoo, E. L. Melanson, and J. O. Hill Enhanced metabolic efficiency contributes to weight regain after weight loss in obesity-prone rats Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, December 1, 2004; 287(6): R1306 - R1315. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. S. MacLean, J. A. Higgins, G. C. Johnson, B. K. Fleming-Elder, J. C. Peters, and J. O. Hill Metabolic adjustments with the development, treatment, and recurrence of obesity in obesity-prone rats Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, August 1, 2004; 287(2): R288 - R297. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. K. Das, E. Saltzman, M. A. McCrory, L. K. G. Hsu, S. A. Shikora, G. Dolnikowski, J. J. Kehayias, and S. B. Roberts Energy Expenditure Is Very High in Extremely Obese Women J. Nutr., June 1, 2004; 134(6): 1412 - 1416. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
