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Original Research Communications |
1 From the Laboratoire de Biochimie, Biologie Moléculaire et Nutrition, Equipe d'acceuil 2416, Faculté de Pharmacie, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine; the Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Centre anti-cancéreux Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France; the Institut de Recherche sur les Cancers de l'Appareil Digestif, Strasbourg, France; the Laboratoire de Biostatistique, Equipe d'acceuil 2416, Faculté de Médecine; and the Laboratoire de Nutrition Humaine, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Background: Previous reports suggest that correcting the malnourished state is more difficult in elderly people than in younger ones and that protein requirements may be higher in elderly than in younger adults.
Objective: The aim of this study was to establish whether malnourished old rats respond to protein-supplemented nutritional repletion as do young adult rats.
Design: Adult (3 mo old) and old (22 mo old) rats were submitted to dietary restriction programs that induced similar metabolic and nutritional alterations. Malnourished adult and old rats were then killed (R groups) or refed for 1 wk with a high-protein diet (HPD; 23% protein) or a very-high-protein diet (VHPD; 27% protein). Control groups at both ages were fed ad libitum throughout the experiment. Effects of food repletion were evaluated in terms of protein metabolism, intestinal histomorphometry, and nonspecific immune status.
Results: In adult rats, HPD sufficed to increase body weight and restore basal values of liver weight and protein content (P < 0.01 compared with the R adult group), nitrogen balance (P < 0.01 compared with the R adult group), and hydrogen peroxide production by polymorphonuclear neutrophils and monocytes (P < 0.01 compared with the R group); VHPD had no supplementary effect except on nitrogen balance. In old rats, HPD was less effective and greater benefit was observed with VHPD in terms of body weight gain (10%; P < 0.01 compared with the old group fed HPD), albuminemia, muscle weight and protein content, plasma arginine concentration, and hydrogen peroxide production by stimulated polymorphonuclear neutrophils and monocytes compared with the old R group (P < 0.01).
Conclusion: Aging is a significant variable affecting the response to nutritional support.
Key Words: Glucose • carbohydrates • insulin • memory • cognition • elderly subjects • ß cells • insulin resistance • glucose regulation • glucose tolerance
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