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Original Research Communications |
1 From the Department of Nutrition and Food Management, Oregon State University, Corvallis; the Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Berkeley; and the Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN.
Background: Although the replacement of dietary saturated fat with unsaturated fat has been advocated to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, diets high in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) could increase lipid peroxidation, potentially contributing to the pathology of atherosclerosis.
Objective: The objective of this study was to examine indexes of in vivo lipid peroxidation, including free F2-isoprostanes, malondialdehyde (MDA), and thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS), in the plasma of postmenopausal women taking dietary oil supplements rich in oleate, linoleate, and both eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid.
Design: Fifteen postmenopausal women took 15 g sunflower oil/d, providing 12.3 g oleate/d; safflower oil, providing 10.5 g linoleate/d; and fish oil, providing 2.0 g EPA/d and 1.4 g DHA/d in a 3-treatment crossover trial.
Results: Plasma free F2-isoprostane concentrations were lower after fish-oil supplementation than after sunflower-oil supplementation (P = 0.003). When plasma free F2-isoprostane concentrations were normalized to plasma arachidonic acid concentrations, significant differences among the supplements were eliminated. Plasma MDA concentrations were lower after fish-oil supplementation than after sunflower-oil supplementation (P = 0.04), whereas plasma TBARS were higher after fish-oil supplementation than after sunflower oil (P = 0.003) and safflower oil (P = 0.001) supplementation. When plasma MDA concentrations were normalized to plasma PUFA concentrations, significant differences were eliminated, but TBARS remained higher after fish-oil supplementation than after sunflower oil (P = 0.01) and safflower-oil (P = 0.0003) supplementation.
Conclusions: With fish-oil supplementation, there was no evidence of increased lipid peroxidation when assessed by plasma F2-isoprostanes and MDA, although plasma TBARS was higher than with sunflower-oil and safflower-oil supplementation.
Key Words: Postmenopausal women • F2-isoprostanes • malondialdehyde • thiobarbituric acid reactive substances • lipid peroxidation • fish oil • monounsaturated fatty acids • polyunsaturated fatty acids
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