American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 47, 428-432, Copyright © 1988 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Effect of starch structure on glucose and insulin responses in adults

KM Behall, DJ Scholfield and J Canary
Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA, MD 20705.

Twelve women and 13 men were given meals containing cornstarch with 70% of the starch in the form of amylopectin or amylose to determine if differences in glycemic response result from different chemical structure. Blood was drawn before and 30, 60, 120, and 180 min after each meal. The meals consisted of starch crackers fed at the rate of 1 g carbohydrate from starch per kilogram body weight. The amylose meal resulted in a significantly lower glucose peak at 30 min than did the amylopectin meal. Plasma insulin response was significantly lower 30 and 60 min after amylose than after the amylopectin meal. Summed insulin above fasting was significantly lower after amylose while summed glucose was not significantly different between the two meals. The sustained plasma glucose levels after the amylose meal with reduced insulin requirement suggest amylose starch may be of potential benefit to carbohydrate-sensitive or diabetic individuals.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. Hallfrisch, D. J. Scholfield, and K. M. Behall Glucose and Insulin Responses to a New Zero-Energy Fiber Source J. Am. Coll. Nutr., October 1, 2002; 21(5): 410 - 415. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. M. Behall, J. C. Howe, and R. A. Anderson Apparent Mineral Retention Is Similar in Control and Hyperinsulinemic Men after Consumption of High Amylose Cornstarch J. Nutr., July 1, 2002; 132(7): 1886 - 1891. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Hallfrisch and K. M. Behall Mechanisms of the Effects of Grains on Insulin and Glucose Responses J. Am. Coll. Nutr., June 1, 2000; 19(90003): 320S - 325. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. M. Behall, D. J. Scholfield, and J. Hallfrisch The Effect of Particle Size of Whole-Grain Flour on Plasma Glucose, Insulin, Glucagon and Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone in Humans J. Am. Coll. Nutr., December 1, 1999; 18(6): 591 - 597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Gaudichon, S. Mahé, R. Benamouzig, C. Luengo, H. Fouillet, S. Daré, M. Van Oycke, F. Ferrière, J. Rautureau, and D. Tomé Net Postprandial Utilization of [15N]-Labeled Milk Protein Nitrogen Is Influenced by Diet Composition in Humans J. Nutr., April 1, 1999; 129(4): 890 - 895. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				S. J. Bell and R. A. Forse Nutritional Management of Hypoglycemia The Diabetes Educator, January 1, 1999; 25(1): 41 - 47. [Abstract] [PDF]

				D. J.A. Jenkins, V. Vuksan, C. W.C. Kendall, P. Wursch, R. Jeffcoat, S. Waring, C. C. Mehling, E. Vidgen, L. S.A. Augustin, and E. Wong Physiological Effects of Resistant Starches on Fecal Bulk, Short Chain Fatty Acids, Blood Lipids and Glycemic Index J. Am. Coll. Nutr., December 1, 1998; 17(6): 609 - 616. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Kabir, S. W. Rizkalla, M. Champ, J. Luo, J. Boillot,, F. Bruzzo, and G. Slama Dietary Amylose-Amylopectin Starch Content Affects Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Adipocytes of Normal and Diabetic Rats J. Nutr., January 1, 1998; 128(1): 35 - 43. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				X. Zhou and M. L. Kaplan Soluble Amylose Cornstarch Is More Digestible than Soluble Amylopectin Potato Starch in Rats J. Nutr., July 1, 1997; 127(7): 1349 - 1356. [Abstract] [Full Text]